The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves[GO]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves[ZFA]. [ http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003197 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_cushions http://zfin.org/curator ]
Synonyms: endocardial cushion tissue cardiac cushion atrioventricular cushion AV cushion
Term information
- VHOG:0000932
- EHDAA:2586
- Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_cushions
- EHDAA2:0000434
- FMA:70302
- EMAPA:16696
- ZFA:0001317
- MA:0000078
- XAO:0004189
- EHDAA2:0004028
- MESH:D054089
- TAO:0001317
uberon_slim, pheno_slim, vertebrate_core
relationship loss: develops_from endocardial ring (TAO:0005072)[TAO]
GO graph seems to suggest this is an endothelium. WP: The endocardial cushions are thought to arise from a subset of endothelial cells that undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, a process whereby these cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly (towards to interior of the heart tube). Latest (2010-06-01) new def suggested for GO, added above. Note that EHDAA2 has a more detailed model which we may later adopt. JB: Patterning makes the cushions lay down connective tissue in three domains that force out the local endothelial lining and so the leaflets form
Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves.[TAO]
(Cardiac valve formation in vertebrates) In response to a myocardial signal, endocardial cells at chamber boundaries take on a mesenchymal character, delaminate and migrate into the cardiac jelly. There, they form an endocardial cushion that is later remodelled into a valve.[well established][VHOG]